Improvement in automatic dampers



S'. F. GOLD; Automatic-Damper.

Patented Oct. H, 1875.

N. PETERS. PHOTO-UTHOGRAPNER. WASHINGTDN. D C:

-U1\TITED STATES Pia-m SAMUEL F. eo-Ln,or ENc'LEwoon, newJnnsnv.

' IMPROVEMENT IN AUTOMATlQ-DAMPERS.

Speci ficationforming part 0. Letters latentNo.168,737, dated October11, 1875; application filed Jul laistt. v

To all-whom it mag concern:

Beit known that I, SAMUEL F. GoLD, of Englewood, in the county of Bergenand State of New Jersey, have invented certain Improvements in AutomaticDampers, of which the following is a specification:

This invention is designed to furnish a simple, cheap, andefficientautomatic damper, adapted to be used advantageously to regulatethe fires of steam-heatin g apparatus, hotair furnaces, and otheranalogous structures.

My invention is a device adapted to accomplish this purpose by means ofthe displace ment of water by undue heat of the fire; and consists inthe improvements hereinafter more fully set forth.

Figure 1 is a top view of a section of a smoke pipe with my apparatusattached. Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section of the same. Fig. 3is a plan of a diaphragm which forms a portion of the condensingpart ofthe apparatus.

A is a piece or section of a smoke-pipe lying in a horizontal position.B is a damper, at-

" tached to said smoke-pipe by a hinge, a, as

shown, so that it may be opened away from the smoke-pipe in such amanner as to allow the external air to enter. and reduce the draft. 0 isa tank attached to the under side of the damper B, and connected, by apipe, D, to the receiver E, the pipe D extending nearly to the bottom ofthe tank G,'as shown in the drawings. b is a screw-plug in the damper B,to open and close an aperture into the tank 0, through which the lattermay be supplied with water when necessary. This plug must fitsteam-tight. The tank 0, as will be observed, is located inside of thesmoke-pipe, and should be thin in the direction of the diameter of thepipe, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 1, so as not to unduly obstructthe draft.

The receiver E is made of three parts, 0 c 0, connected by smallopenings in the center, the upper one having a small opening into theexternal air; and these parts 0 are sub divided by diaphragms d, whichhave small openings near the periphery at 6, thus circuitouslyconnecting the chambers formed by the parts a and the diaphragms d, theobject of these small openings being to afford passages for the air toescape. from or enter the receiver without allowing much opportunity forthe evaporation of the water; and for this purpose these aperturesbetween the-parts 0,

and through the diaphragms, should be very minute, a sixteenthof aninchin diameter being fully large enough, and in most cases larger than isnecessary. This receiver should be made of thin plates of metal, so asto allow the ready transmission of heat.

ThetankGshould be filled nearly filllof w ater, leaving only small spacefor the formation of steam; and being thus filled its weight is designedto be sufficient to keep the damper closed, and the tank completelyinclosed in the smoke-pipe, and this position of the parts will beretained till the heat of the products of combustion in the smokepipebecomes sufficient to produce a pressure of steam in the tank strongenough to force the water in r it back through the pipe D into thereceiver, when the receiver, with this addition to its weight, aided bythis diminution of Weight in the tank, will open the damper, the pipe Doperating as a lever, with hinge on as a fulcrum. The opening of thedamper allows air to enter the smoke-pipe, and reduces the intensity ofthe draft and the action of the fire. It also admits external air intocontact somewhat with the sides of the tank.

When the temperature has become sufiiciently reduced to allow it thewater returns from the receiver to the' tank by its own gravity, and thedamper is consequently closed. V

These movements are not generally very sudden or marked in practice; butusually the damper opens gradually as the fire becomes too intense, andgradually closes again as it falls, remaining partly open when thecondition and action of the fire requires a limited action of thedamper.

It is obvious that this damper may be also attached to and used upon avertical smoke pipe or flue, care being taken to preserve the relativearrangementvof the parts with reference to each other and to ahorizontal plane- I have described and shown the damper B, tank 0, pipeD, and receiver E as being all rigidly connected to each other, and thepipe D also performing the service of a lever, so

that when the damper is operated the parts above mentioned all vibratetogetheron the axisata; andthis I regard as the best con struction, andas having decided advantages over any other union of the parts which nowoccurs to me. This is not, however, indispensable so long as the sameresult is produced by means substantially the same, as,

for example, the lever and pipe may be of separate pieces insteadof in.one piece. The tank may remain in a fixed position, and be connected tothe receiver by a flexible or jointed connection, the receiver beingconnected by a lever or equivalent device to the damper, and variousother changes in the constructiommightbe adopted without subheat thereceiver shall have sufficient capacity to contain it, and prevent itsoverflowingfinto theroom. I claim as my-invention.

1. .The combination of the tank 0, receiver E, and pipe and lever D,arranged relatively to each other substantially as hereinbefore setforth.

2. The combination of the tank (J, pipe and lever D, receiver E, anddamper B, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

3. The combination of the tank 0, pipe and lever D, receiver E, damperB, and smokepipe A, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

4. The receiver E, constructed in parts 0, having openings between them,substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

SAMUEL F. GOLD. Witnesses: V i

B. A. SMITH, Tnos. P. How.

